When people hear the word "pollen," they often associate it with allergies, but it actually plays a crucial role in maintaining environmental health. Pollen, which contains the plant’s male reproductive cells, needs to move from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or a different one in order for the plant to bear fruit and produce seeds.

Pollination primarily occurs through three methods: wind, animals and water. In wind-pollinated plants, the pollen grains are small, lightweight and smooth, making them easily carried by the breeze. Plants that rely on animals or insects use features like vibrant colors, distinctive shapes, pleasant scents and specialized structures to attract pollinators and ensure efficient pollen transfer. For water-pollinated plants, the pollen either floats on the water's surface or moves underwater to reach other plants.

What is the process of transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma known as?

1. Fertilization
2. Adoption
3. Pollination
4. Diffusion